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Blockchain technology has come a long way since its emergence with Bitcoin (Blockchain 1.0) and the introduction of Ethereum and smart contracts. Core promises including increased decentralization, transparency, traceability, efficiency, and automation have fueled its development. Today, there’s a tremendous push to build the infrastructure of the future, with a vision to disrupt and create a better financial landscape. With growing clarity on blockchain’s potential and evolving regulations, the industry sets its sight on mass adoption. Today, the focus on “real-world use cases” becomes topics of conversation. These use cases span from cross-border payments and asset tokenization for democratized investment to identity verification.
However, a critical first step is taking a step back and addressing fundamental questions: Why focus on the Reals (Real Money, Real Assets, Real Identity)? What problems are we solving? Why is now the time?
This article dives into defining the Reals, answering these crucial questions related to real-world use cases. We will also explore the why and how Financial Institutions (FIs) can participate in driving mainstream adoption and identify the gaps they need to address to pave the way for the future of finance.
Overview of the “Reals”
Before diving into the core questions, let’s establish a clear definition and framework of “the Reals”.
For this article, we will utilize the definitions established by Quarix, a blockchain infrastructure developed by Orbix Technology under Kasikornbank. Their framework resonates well with our focus, offering comprehensive definitions in the financial context while emphasizing the crucial element of “real” – a secure and verifiable representation within the digital realm.
The following is the breakdown of the “Reals”:
- Real Money: Tangible money based on national currency that can be used for all practical purposes
- Real Assets: Tokenization of real-world assets such as bonds, capital market assets etc. on the blockchain
- Real Identity: Secure on-chain verification of users to ensure every user’s authenticity and identity
By focusing on these Reals, we can explore how blockchain technology is revolutionizing the way we manage and interact with money, assets, and identities in the digital age.
Why ‘Reals’ Matter
The widespread adoption of blockchain technology hinges on its ability to tackle real-world problems, particularly within the financial sector that has numerous inefficiencies and vulnerabilities and demand better and more streamlined products and services. Blockchain’s core strengths – decentralization, immutability, and traceability – offer immense potential for streamlining operations across various industries. However, focusing on applications anchored in the Reals framework (Real Money, Real Assets, and Real Identity) unlocks its true potential for financial services.
There are three main fundamental questions that we need to answer related to the development of real-world use cases leveraging blockchain technology. Let’s deep dive into each of the questions.
1. Why Do We Need to Focus on the “Reals”?
The financial landscape is ripe for disruption. The “Reals” framework can address fundamental challenges hindering the current financial landscape and unlock the true potential of blockchain technology. Here’s why focusing on Reals is crucial:
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- Grounding Innovation in Reality: The “real” in Reals emphasizes that these applications are grounded in verifiable reality, not purely speculative ventures. This focus fosters trust and confidence in blockchain’s ability to revolutionize financial services.
- Solving Existing Problems: Traditional systems managing money, assets, and identities are often plagued by inefficiencies and security vulnerabilities. Blockchain’s cryptographic technology safeguards data integrity, making it incredibly difficult to hack or manipulate information. Additionally, blockchain technology has the potential to build new business models that could generate new revenue streams and optimize costs.
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- Achieving Mainstream Adoption: By focusing on the Reals, blockchain addresses issues directly relevant to everyday users and businesses. This focus on tangible benefits creates a compelling case for adoption and drives user confidence in the technology.
Additionally, the “Reals” framework offers a transformative approach to blockchain, fostering trust and revolutionizing finance for all stakeholders. It empowers the blockchain community to drive mass adoption by focusing on real-world problems and fostering user trust. For financial institutions, Reals unlock a competitive edge with innovative products and services and cost optimization, while enhancing inclusivity. Regulators benefit from a more robust and efficient financial system through transparency, traceability, and secure identity management. By prioritizing tangible applications grounded in reality, Reals pave the way for a trusted future of finance.
2. What Problems Are We Trying to Solve?
While the possibility for fantastical application exists, grounding blockchain in the “real-world” in the financial sector addresses several key issues:
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- Inefficiencies within Traditional Finance Realm: Traditional systems for managing money, assets, and identities can be complex and slow, leading to inefficiencies and errors. Blockchain offers automation capabilities such as document verification and processing that can streamline the tracking of goods and documents. As automation occurs across a distributed network, it eliminates a single points of failure and ensure transparency in every step. For instance, a World Bank report highlights that trade finance inefficiencies cost an estimated $1.5 trillion globally each year. By streamlining trade finance processes with tokenized assets, the technology can help unleash the potential for cost savings.
- Vulnerable Security: The digital world is rife with opportunities for manipulation, fraud, and data breaches that expose sensitive financial information and user identities. Traditional systems are vulnerable to these threats. Blockchain technology offers a solution: its tamper-proof architecture creates a verifiable audit trail, significantly reducing fraud risks. Additionally, blockchain’s cryptographic protocols make it incredibly difficult to hack. Data from Chainalysis, reported by The Record, highlights this issue – DeFi platforms alone saw $1.1 billion stolen in 2023, with incidents rising from 219 in 2022 to 231. By focusing on the Reals, blockchain can create a more secure ecosystem for financial transactions and identity management.
- Lack of Transparency: One of blockchain’s core strengths is transparency. All transactions are recorded on a shared ledger, accessible to authorized participants. This shared ledger acts as a single source of truth, providing real-time visibility into the status of transactions and movement of goods for all parties involved. Walmart Canada exemplifies this by leveraging blockchain technology to tackle supple chain challenges and develop a solution for invoices management. With clear audit trail that blockchain technology enables, it fosters another level of trust in the new financial system. Unlike traditional opaque systems, everyone involved can track the progress and verify the legitimacy of transactions.
3. Why Do We Need to Focus on It Now?
The urgency to address the real-world problems with blockchain is intensifying mainly due to several converging factors:
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- Unlocking Sustainable Growth: Financial activities are rapidly moving online driven by higher efficiency and better convenience. This increasing reliance on digital systems emphasizes the critical need for secure and trustworthy infrastructure. With its immutability and transparency, blockchain technology is well-positioned to address the need, build trust and enabling sustainable growth in the new financial landscape.
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- Meeting Evolving Customer Demand: In a digital world demanding ever-better financial solutions, businesses and consumers prioritize efficiency, security, and cost-savings. Traditional systems often struggle to meet these expectations. Blockchain technology offers a compelling solution, delivering substantial improvements at minimal cost. Customers are unconcerned with the technology itself, but rather the improved product or service. Blockchain excels in this matter, streamlining back-end processes with smart contracts, enhancing security through cryptography, and potentially reducing costs for all stakeholders by eliminating intermediaries.
- Securing a Competitive Edge: In today’s competitive landscape, the key to differentiation lies in ecosystem integration. Blockchain technology, as a shared infrastructure, allows businesses to build all-inclusive ecosystems where partners can collaborate freely. This fosters innovation and value creation across the network, creating a powerful “lock-in effect.” Early adopters who leverage blockchain’s potential to build robust ecosystem become pioneers, attracting partners and establishing a long-term competitive edge.
Financial Institutions and the “Reals” Revolution
Having explored the critical questions surrounding blockchain technology and the Reals, let’s dive into why financial institutions should participate in this evolving financial landscape. If they choose to embrace this revolution, how can these incumbents actively be involved? Furthermore, what are the key gaps they need to address to fully capitalize on the ‘Reals’ revolution?
1. The Rationales Why the Reals is a Strategic Imperative for FIs
The financial landscape is rapidly evolving, driven by innovative technologies like blockchain. To stay ahead of the curve and solidify their leadership positions, FIs need to embrace the “Reals” framework: Real Money, Real Assets, and Real Identity for the following reasons:
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- Building a Competitive Future with Existing Strengths:
- Innovative Products and Enhanced Security: Blockchain technology allows FIs to leverage their existing expertise in security and data management. By focusing on Reals, FIs can develop innovative financial products with a foundation of trust and security. For example, HSBC’s pilot project in the UAE used blockchain technology in the know-your-customer (KYC) process. This initiative allows the secure sharing of verified KYC data between banks and licensing authorities in the UAE, which could simplify the onboarding process for the clients while maintaining data integrity. This focus on security fosters client adoption and positions FIs as trusted leaders in the evolving financial landscape.
- Cost Optimization and New Revenue Streams: Reals-based solutions can unlock significant cost savings and create entirely new revenue streams. Streamlining processes and reducing transaction and settlement costs with blockchain translates to a more competitive edge, as seen with Franklin Templeton’s tokenized money market fund. With this initiative, tokenization opens doors to new investment opportunities for both existing and new clients, secondary trading possibilities and collateral use, generating additional revenue sources.
- Building a Competitive Future with Existing Strengths:
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- Securing Future Share of Wallet:
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- Foundation for Seamless Integration: Building infrastructure that aligns with Reals allows for more effortless integration with future Web3 and blockchain applications. This establishes FIs as key players in the evolving ecosystem.
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- Network Effect: Early adoption of Reals helps FIs cultivate a robust network of participants within their ecosystem. As new applications and services emerge, this network effect positions them for continued growth and relevance.
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2. How can FIs Dive into Real
There are growing real-world use cases that leverage blockchain technology. Instead of listing potential use cases that FIs could explore in Real Money, Real Assets, and Real Identity, this article will discuss the framework we deem essential for FIs to consider. This framework will guide them in exploring and prioritizing which Reals use cases they should develop and launch.
Prioritizing The Reals Use Cases
To navigate the exciting possibilities of the Reals, FIs should consider and achieve these three aspects:
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- Problem-Solving Impact:
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- Focusing on Real Problems: Identify pain points in existing money, asset, and identity management from within the organization and the clients. This could be slow cross-border payments, opaque trade finance, or cumbersome KYC processes
- Aligning with Business Goals and Client Needs: How can a solution address strategic goals like cost reduction, revenue growth, or improved customer experience? Solutions built with Reals should leverage familiar and intuitive UX/UI, ensuring a smooth transition and minimizing the learning curve for the users
- Assessing the Impact: Assess potential impacts in terms of the implementation in both financial and technical aspects
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- Technical Viability:
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- Leveraging Existing Solutions: Can existing platforms or solutions be adapted to address the identified problem?
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- Evaluating Client’s Resources: Consider client’s capability and willingness to adopt and implement blockchain technology
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- Regulatory Compliance:
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- Compliance Considerations: Evaluate potential regulatory hurdles related to privacy, customer data protection, cybersecurity etc.
- Risk Management: Balance the innovation with customer protection and financial stability
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Balancing the Framework: Why All Three Factors Are Important
The framework we presented emphasizes the importance of considering all three factors – Problem-Solving Impact, Technical Viability, and Regulatory Compliance – to ensure successful Reals implementation. Here’s why each factor plays a crucial role:
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- Problem-Solving Impact + Technical Viability ≠ Success: Even if a use case addresses a real problem and is technically feasible, it could be an ‘illegal innovation’ if it clashes with the regulations.
- Problem-Solving Impact + Regulatory Compliance ≠ Reality: A focus solely on solving a problem and adhering to regulations could lead to unrealistic solutions, like us in the ‘dreamland’.
- Technical Viability + Regulatory Compliance ≠ Innovation: Focusing solely on the technology and regulations could lead to ‘overengineering’ solutions that do not address the core problems effectively. Sometimes, existing solutions with minor adjustments can achieve the desired outcome.
By taking all three factors into account, FIs should be prioritizing Reals use cases that deliver tangible and impactful benefits to the organization and/or clients, technically achievable while complying with current regulations to avoid potential roadblocks.
3. Bridging the Gaps
Despite the promise, there are challenges for FIs to address for a successful implementation of use cases in the Reals:
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- Regulatory Uncertainty: A major hurdle is the evolving regulatory landscape surrounding blockchain. The concerns can evolve around market stability, ownership of on-chain assets, investor protection, data privacy etc. FIs need a guideline from the relevant regulator(s) to move forward with confidence.
- Technical Hurdles: The main technical issues are integration with legacy system, scalability limitations and standardization issue. Integrating blockchain solutions with existing core banking systems can be complex and expensive. In terms of scalability, FIs need to explore protocols that can simulate and handle real-world financial application. Due to differences in development standard, it is crucial to have a secure interoperability solution in place and/or develop a common standard for data formats and communication protocols.
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- Building Trust and User Adoption: Public education and intuitive user experience are the key to accelerate a mainstream adoption of blockchain and the use cases in the Reals. FIs need to invest in educating consumers about the benefits and security features of blockchain-based solutions, while developing user-friendly solutions to interact with decentralized applications.
- Talent Acquisition and Skills Gap: Specialized skills such as blockchain architecture, smart contracts, data structures are required to launch and operate blockchain-based products/services. FIs need to invest in talent acquisition programs to attract developers and other business professionals, while providing training programs on blockchain basics to existing employees to narrow the skill gap.
Closing Thoughts: A Future Empowered by the Reals
With a clear understanding of the importance of Real Money, Real Assets and Real Identities powered by blockchain, the technology offers exciting possibilities and transformative path for FIs. By prioritizing Problem-Solving impact, Technical Viability, and Regulatory Compliance, FIs can create impactful results for all stakeholders. Consumers gain control and security, businesses find efficiency and innovation, and the economy thrives on inclusion and transparency. Overcoming the mentioned challenges can unlock immense potential, paving the way for a more secure, efficient, and innovative financial future.
Author: Wanwares Boonkong (Pin)
Editor: Panuchanad Phunkitjakran (Pook), Woraphot Kingkawkantong (Ping)
Reference:
- https://m-tiesler.medium.com/real-world-use-cases-for-blockchain-technology-b97c573b3253
https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2024/01/17/how-blockchain-revolutionizes-data-integrity-and-cybersecurity/ - https://therecord.media/cybercriminals-stole-over-1-billion-from-crypto-funds-2023
- https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/trade/greasing-wheels-commerce-trade-finance-and-credit#:~:text=Globally%2C%20the%20trade%20finance%20%E2%80%9Cgap,US%246.5%20trillion%20in%202021.
- https://www.ledgerinsights.com/hsbc-goes-live-on-the-uae-know-your-customer-kyc-blockchain/
- https://www.coindesk.com/business/2024/04/25/franklin-templeton-upgrades-380m-tokenized-treasury-fund-to-enable-peer-to-peer-transfers/
- https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/financial-services/our-insights/blockchain-and-digital-assets
- https://hbr.org/2022/01/how-walmart-canada-uses-blockchain-to-solve-supply-chain-challenges